Claro. Vamos organizar os três tempos de forma bem didática, mostrando afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa, com exemplos traduzidos.
1. Present Simple — Presente Simples
Usamos o Present Simple principalmente para:
hábitos e rotinas;
fatos e verdades gerais;
situações permanentes;
gostos e preferências;
horários e programas.
Estrutura afirmativa
I / You / We / They + verbo
He / She / It + verbo + S
| Pessoa | Estrutura | Exemplo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | work | I work every day. | Eu trabalho todos os dias. |
| You | work | You work here. | Você trabalha aqui. |
| He | works | He works at a bank. | Ele trabalha em um banco. |
| She | studies | She studies English. | Ela estuda inglês. |
| We | live | We live in Brazil. | Nós moramos no Brasil. |
| They | play | They play football. | Eles jogam futebol. |
⚠️ Regra importante: terceira pessoa
Com he, she, it, normalmente acrescentamos -s:
work → works
play → plays
live → lives
Alguns verbos recebem -es:
go → goes
watch → watches
study → studies
Present Simple — forma negativa
Usamos:
I / You / We / They + do not (don't) + verbo
He / She / It + does not (doesn't) + verbo
⚠️ Depois de doesn't, o verbo volta à forma normal.
❌ He doesn't works here.
✅ He doesn't work here.
| Inglês | Português |
|---|---|
| I don't work on Sundays. | Eu não trabalho aos domingos. |
| You don't speak French. | Você não fala francês. |
| He doesn't like coffee. | Ele não gosta de café. |
| She doesn't live here. | Ela não mora aqui. |
| We don't watch TV every day. | Nós não assistimos TV todos os dias. |
| They don't play tennis. | Eles não jogam tênis. |
Present Simple — forma interrogativa
Usamos:
Do + I/you/we/they + verbo...?
Does + he/she/it + verbo...?
| Pergunta | Tradução |
|---|---|
| Do you work here? | Você trabalha aqui? |
| Do they speak English? | Eles falam inglês? |
| Do you like pizza? | Você gosta de pizza? |
| Does he live in London? | Ele mora em Londres? |
| Does she study French? | Ela estuda francês? |
| Does your brother play football? | Seu irmão joga futebol? |
Respostas curtas
Do you work here?
Yes, I do. — Sim.
No, I don't. — Não.
Does she speak English?
Yes, she does. — Sim.
No, she doesn't. — Não.
2. Present Continuous — Presente Contínuo
O Present Continuous é usado principalmente para:
ações que estão acontecendo agora;
situações temporárias;
situações que estão acontecendo neste período;
mudanças ou processos em andamento.
Estrutura afirmativa
Subject + am/is/are + verbo-ing
| Pessoa | Estrutura | Exemplo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am + ing | I am working. | Eu estou trabalhando. |
| You | are + ing | You are studying. | Você está estudando. |
| He | is + ing | He is sleeping. | Ele está dormindo. |
| She | is + ing | She is cooking. | Ela está cozinhando. |
| We | are + ing | We are watching TV. | Nós estamos assistindo TV. |
| They | are + ing | They are playing. | Eles estão jogando. |
Exemplos
I am learning English.
Eu estou aprendendo inglês.She is talking to her friend.
Ela está conversando com a amiga dela.They are watching a movie.
Eles estão assistindo a um filme.We are working today.
Nós estamos trabalhando hoje.
Present Continuous — forma negativa
Usamos:
am not / is not / are not + verbo-ing
| Inglês | Tradução |
|---|---|
| I am not working. | Eu não estou trabalhando. |
| You aren't listening. | Você não está ouvindo. |
| He isn't sleeping. | Ele não está dormindo. |
| She isn't studying. | Ela não está estudando. |
| We aren't watching TV. | Nós não estamos assistindo TV. |
| They aren't playing football. | Eles não estão jogando futebol. |
Contrações
I am not → I'm not
is not → isn't
are not → aren't
Present Continuous — forma interrogativa
Colocamos o verbo to be antes do sujeito:
Am / Is / Are + sujeito + verbo-ing?
| Pergunta | Tradução |
|---|---|
| Am I speaking too fast? | Estou falando rápido demais? |
| Are you working? | Você está trabalhando? |
| Is he sleeping? | Ele está dormindo? |
| Is she studying? | Ela está estudando? |
| Are we going home? | Nós estamos indo para casa? |
| Are they watching TV? | Eles estão assistindo TV? |
Respostas curtas
Are you working?
Yes, I am.
No, I'm not.
Is she studying?
Yes, she is.
No, she isn't.
3. Past Simple — Passado Simples
O Past Simple é usado para ações que aconteceram e terminaram no passado.
Normalmente aparece com:
yesterday — ontem
last week — semana passada
last year — ano passado
two days ago — dois dias atrás
in 2020 — em 2020
Past Simple — forma afirmativa
Verbos regulares
Normalmente acrescentamos -ed:
work → worked
play → played
watch → watched
visit → visited
Exemplos:
I worked yesterday.
Eu trabalhei ontem.She watched a movie last night.
Ela assistiu a um filme ontem à noite.They visited London last year.
Eles visitaram Londres no ano passado.
Verbos irregulares
Os verbos irregulares mudam de forma:
go → went
eat → ate
see → saw
buy → bought
have → had
do → did
Exemplos:
I went to school yesterday.
Eu fui à escola ontem.She ate pizza last night.
Ela comeu pizza ontem à noite.We saw a great movie.
Nós vimos um ótimo filme.He bought a new car.
Ele comprou um carro novo.
Past Simple — forma negativa
Usamos:
Subject + did not (didn't) + verbo
⚠️ Depois de didn't, o verbo fica na forma normal.
❌ I didn't went to school.
✅ I didn't go to school.
| Inglês | Tradução |
|---|---|
| I didn't work yesterday. | Eu não trabalhei ontem. |
| You didn't call me. | Você não me ligou. |
| He didn't go to school. | Ele não foi à escola. |
| She didn't eat breakfast. | Ela não tomou café da manhã. |
| We didn't watch the movie. | Nós não assistimos ao filme. |
| They didn't buy the house. | Eles não compraram a casa. |
Past Simple — forma interrogativa
Usamos:
Did + sujeito + verbo normal...?
| Pergunta | Tradução |
|---|---|
| Did you work yesterday? | Você trabalhou ontem? |
| Did she call you? | Ela ligou para você? |
| Did he go to London? | Ele foi para Londres? |
| Did they watch the movie? | Eles assistiram ao filme? |
| Did you eat breakfast? | Você tomou café da manhã? |
| Did we meet before? | Nós nos encontramos antes? |
Respostas curtas
Did you work yesterday?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn't.
Did she go to London?
Yes, she did.
No, she didn't.
4. Comparando os três tempos
Essa é uma das melhores maneiras de entender a diferença:
PRESENT SIMPLE
I work every day.
Eu trabalho todos os dias.
➡️ É uma rotina/hábito.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
I am working now.
Eu estou trabalhando agora.
➡️ Está acontecendo neste momento.
PAST SIMPLE
I worked yesterday.
Eu trabalhei ontem.
➡️ A ação aconteceu e terminou no passado.
Outro exemplo
Present Simple
She studies English every day.
Ela estuda inglês todos os dias.
➡️ hábito.
Present Continuous
She is studying English now.
Ela está estudando inglês agora.
➡️ ação acontecendo neste momento.
Past Simple
She studied English yesterday.
Ela estudou inglês ontem.
➡️ ação concluída no passado.
5. Resumo das estruturas
| Tempo | Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | I work. | I don't work. | Do you work? |
| Present Simple – he/she | She works. | She doesn't work. | Does she work? |
| Present Continuous | I am working. | I am not working. | Am I working? |
| Present Continuous | She is working. | She isn't working. | Is she working? |
| Past Simple | I worked. | I didn't work. | Did you work? |
| Past Simple irregular | I went. | I didn't go. | Did you go? |
⭐ Regra para memorizar
Present Simple:
do/does para perguntas e negativas.
Present Continuous:
am/is/are + ING
Past Simple:
did para perguntas e negativas; na afirmativa usamos o passado do verbo.
Uma diferença fundamental é:
I work = Eu trabalho.
I am working = Eu estou trabalhando.
I worked = Eu trabalhei.
Atividades
Atividade 1 — Complete com o verbo correto
Complete as frases usando o verbo entre parênteses no tempo correto.
- She _______ (work) in a hospital every day.
- I _______ (watch) TV right now.
- They _______ (visit) their grandparents last weekend.
- He _______ (not / like) coffee.
- We _______ (study) English at the moment.
- My brother _______ (play) football every Saturday.
- I _______ (go) to the cinema yesterday.
- She _______ (not / work) today.
- _______ you _______ (speak) English?
- _______ he _______ (call) you yesterday?
- They _______ (not / watch) TV now.
- My parents _______ (live) in Brazil.
- We _______ (have) dinner at a restaurant last night.
- Look! The baby _______ (sleep).
- He _______ (not / study) on Sundays.
Atividade 2 — Escolha a alternativa correta
Escolha A, B ou C.
-
She _______ to work every day.
A) go
B) goes
C) is going -
Look! They _______ football.
A) play
B) played
C) are playing -
I _______ my friend yesterday.
A) visit
B) visited
C) am visiting -
He _______ coffee.
A) doesn't like
B) don't like
C) isn't like -
We _______ dinner right now.
A) have
B) had
C) are having -
_______ you work on Saturdays?
A) Are
B) Do
C) Did -
_______ she watching TV now?
A) Does
B) Is
C) Did -
_______ they go to the beach last weekend?
A) Did
B) Do
C) Are -
I _______ to London two years ago.
A) go
B) went
C) am going -
He _______ English every morning.
A) studies
B) is studying
C) studied -
They _______ at home yesterday.
A) aren't
B) don't
C) weren't -
She _______ a book at the moment.
A) reads
B) is reading
C) read -
We _______ TV last night.
A) didn't watch
B) don't watch
C) aren't watching -
_______ you studying now?
A) Do
B) Are
C) Did -
_______ he play tennis every week?
A) Does
B) Is
C) Did
Atividade 3 — Passe para a forma negativa
Transforme as frases em negativas.
Exemplo:
She works here.
→ She doesn't work here.
- I like coffee.
- He works on Sundays.
- They live in London.
- She is studying now.
- We are watching TV.
- He is sleeping.
- I visited Paris last year.
- They played tennis yesterday.
- She bought a new car.
- We went to the restaurant.
Atividade 4 — Transforme em perguntas
Transforme as frases em perguntas.
Exemplo:
You speak English.
→ Do you speak English?
- She works here.
- They live in Brazil.
- He likes pizza.
- You are studying English.
- She is cooking dinner.
- They are watching a movie.
- He visited New York.
- You went to school yesterday.
- She bought a new phone.
- They played football last Saturday.
Atividade 5 — Identifique o tempo verbal
Escreva:
- PS = Present Simple
- PC = Present Continuous
- PA = Past Simple
- I work in an office.
- She is talking to her mother.
- They went to Spain last year.
- He doesn't like fish.
- We are learning English.
- I watched a movie yesterday.
- She studies every night.
- They aren't working today.
- Did you call John?
- He plays tennis every Sunday.
- I am reading a book.
- We visited our friends last weekend.
- Does she speak French?
- They are having lunch.
- I didn't go to work yesterday.
Atividade 6 — Complete o diálogo
Complete usando Present Simple, Present Continuous ou Past Simple.
John: Hi, Sarah! What _______ you _______ (do)?
Sarah: I _______ (study) English.
John: Do you usually _______ (study) in the afternoon?
Sarah: Yes, I _______. I usually _______ (study) after lunch.
John: And what did you _______ (do) yesterday?
Sarah: I _______ (go) to the cinema with my friends.
John: Nice! What movie _______ you _______ (watch)?
Sarah: We _______ (watch) a comedy.
John: Did you _______ (like) it?
Sarah: Yes, we _______. It was very funny!
Atividade 7 — Corrija o erro
Cada frase contém um erro. Encontre e corrija.
- She work every day.
- I am work now.
- He don't like coffee.
- They doesn't live here.
- Did you went to school yesterday?
- She didn't went to work.
- Are you speak English?
- Does he works here?
- I am study English.
- They was watching TV.
- He go to work yesterday.
- We didn't watched the movie.
- Is she work today?
- Do you studying English?
- She don't studies French.
Atividade 8 — Traduza para o inglês
- Eu trabalho todos os dias.
- Eu estou trabalhando agora.
- Eu trabalhei ontem.
- Ela não gosta de café.
- Ela não está trabalhando hoje.
- Ela não trabalhou ontem.
- Você fala inglês?
- Você está estudando inglês?
- Você estudou inglês ontem?
- Ele mora em Londres.
- Ele está morando com os pais atualmente.
- Ele morou em Londres em 2020.
- Nós não assistimos TV todos os dias.
- Nós não estamos assistindo TV agora.
- Nós não assistimos TV ontem.
- Eles jogam futebol todos os sábados.
- Eles estão jogando futebol agora.
- Eles jogaram futebol ontem.
- Ela foi ao supermercado ontem.
- Ela está indo ao supermercado agora.
Atividade 9 — Escolha o tempo correto
Complete com o verbo entre parênteses.
- Every morning, Carlos _______ (drink) coffee.
- Listen! Someone _______ (sing).
- I _______ (meet) my teacher yesterday.
- She usually _______ (take) the bus.
- We _______ (not / work) today.
- They _______ (travel) to France last summer.
- What _______ you _______ (do) now?
- What _______ you _______ (do) yesterday?
- Where _______ you usually _______ (go) on weekends?
- My sister _______ (not / like) vegetables.
- Look! The children _______ (run).
- He _______ (buy) a new computer last month.
- _______ she _______ (work) here?
- _______ she _______ (work) right now?
- _______ she _______ (work) here last year?
Atividade 10 — Produção
Responda às perguntas usando frases completas.
Present Simple — sua rotina
- What time do you usually wake up?
- What do you do in the morning?
- Where do you work or study?
- What do you usually eat for lunch?
- What do you do in your free time?
Present Continuous — agora
- What are you doing right now?
- Are you studying English at the moment?
- What are the people around you doing?
- Are you using your computer?
- What are you thinking about right now?
Past Simple — passado
- What did you do yesterday?
- Where did you go last weekend?
- What did you eat yesterday?
- Did you watch a movie last week?
- Did you talk to a friend yesterday?
Gabarito
Atividade 1
- works
- am watching
- visited
- doesn't like
- are studying
- plays
- went
- isn't working
- Do / speak
- Did / call
- aren't watching
- live
- had
- is sleeping
- doesn't study
Atividade 2
- B
- C
- B
- A
- C
- B
- B
- A
- B
- A
- A
- B
- A
- B
- A
Atividade 5
- PS
- PC
- PA
- PS
- PC
- PA
- PS
- PC
- PA
- PS
- PC
- PA
- PS
- PC
- PA