Teste de Inglês — Tempos Verbais

 

Teste de Inglês — Tempos Verbais

Nível intermediário (B1–B2) | 100 questões de escolha múltipla

Instruções: Escolha a alternativa correta (A, B, C ou D) para completar cada frase. O teste inclui Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect, Future Forms, First e Second Conditional, entre outras estruturas verbais.

Parte 1 — Present Simple e Present Continuous

1. She usually _____ to work by bus.

  • A) is going

  • B) go

  • C) goes

  • D) going

2. Listen! Someone _____ the piano upstairs.

  • A) is playing

  • B) plays

  • C) played

  • D) has played

3. I _____ coffee, but I love tea.

  • A) am not liking

  • B) haven't liked

  • C) didn't like

  • D) don't like

4. Why _____ you _____ at me like that?

  • A) do / look

  • B) are / looking

  • C) have / looked

  • D) did / looking

5. My brother _____ in a bank, but he is looking for another job.

  • A) works

  • B) is work

  • C) work

  • D) working

6. We _____ for the bus at the moment.

  • A) wait

  • B) waited

  • C) are waiting

  • D) have waited

7. Water _____ at 100°C under normal atmospheric pressure.

  • A) is boiling

  • B) boils

  • C) boil

  • D) has boiled

8. I can't talk now. I _____ dinner.

  • A) cook

  • B) cooked

  • C) have cooked

  • D) am cooking

9. How often _____ your parents _____ you?

  • A) do / visit

  • B) are / visiting

  • C) does / visit

  • D) have / visit

10. She _____ with her aunt this month because her apartment is being renovated.

  • A) lives

  • B) lived

  • C) is living

  • D) has live

Parte 2 — Past Simple e Past Continuous

11. We _____ to the beach last Sunday.

  • A) have gone

  • B) went

  • C) go

  • D) were going

12. While I _____ home, I saw an accident.

  • A) walked

  • B) have walked

  • C) am walking

  • D) was walking

13. They _____ TV when the lights went out.

  • A) were watching

  • B) watched

  • C) have watched

  • D) are watching

14. _____ you _____ the email I sent yesterday?

  • A) Have / received

  • B) Were / receive

  • C) Did / receive

  • D) Do / received

15. She _____ her keys while she was running in the park.

  • A) loses

  • B) lost

  • C) was losing

  • D) has lost

16. At 9 p.m. last night, I _____ for my exam.

  • A) studied

  • B) have studied

  • C) study

  • D) was studying

17. He _____ the door, walked inside, and sat down.

  • A) opened

  • B) was opening

  • C) has opened

  • D) opens

18. What _____ you _____ when I called you?

  • A) did / do

  • B) have / done

  • C) were / doing

  • D) are / doing

19. It _____ heavily when we left the restaurant.

  • A) rains

  • B) was raining

  • C) has rained

  • D) is raining

20. I _____ my first job when I was twenty-two.

  • A) have started

  • B) was starting

  • C) start

  • D) started

Parte 3 — Present Perfect e Past Simple

21. I _____ that movie three times.

  • A) saw

  • B) have seen

  • C) see

  • D) was seeing

22. She _____ to London in 2022.

  • A) has traveled

  • B) travels

  • C) traveled

  • D) has travel

23. _____ you ever _____ sushi?

  • A) Have / tried

  • B) Did / tried

  • C) Are / trying

  • D) Do / tried

24. We _____ each other since primary school.

  • A) knew

  • B) know

  • C) are knowing

  • D) have known

25. He _____ his homework yet.

  • A) didn't finish

  • B) hasn't finished

  • C) doesn't finish

  • D) isn't finish

26. I _____ my wallet yesterday, but I found it this morning.

  • A) have lost

  • B) lose

  • C) lost

  • D) was lost

27. They _____ just _____ the meeting.

  • A) have / finished

  • B) did / finish

  • C) are / finish

  • D) has / finished

28. How long _____ you _____ in Brazil?

  • A) did / live

  • B) are / living

  • C) do / lived

  • D) have / lived

29. My parents _____ to Italy last summer.

  • A) have gone

  • B) went

  • C) have been

  • D) go

30. I _____ never _____ such a beautiful place before.

  • A) did / see

  • B) am / seeing

  • C) have / seen

  • D) was / seeing

Parte 4 — Present Perfect Simple e Continuous

31. I _____ English for five years, and I still study every day.

  • A) studied

  • B) am studying

  • C) study

  • D) have been studying

32. She _____ three reports so far this morning.

  • A) has written

  • B) has been writing

  • C) wrote

  • D) is write

33. You look exhausted. _____ you _____?

  • A) Have / worked

  • B) Did / work

  • C) Have / been working

  • D) Are / work

34. We _____ each other for more than ten years.

  • A) are knowing

  • B) have known

  • C) have been knowing

  • D) knew

35. It _____ all day, and the streets are flooded.

  • A) has been raining

  • B) rains

  • C) was raining

  • D) is rain

36. He _____ five books this month.

  • A) has been reading

  • B) reads

  • C) is reading

  • D) has read

37. How long _____ she _____ for her driving test?

  • A) does / prepare

  • B) has / been preparing

  • C) did / prepared

  • D) is / prepare

38. I _____ my phone, so I can't call anyone.

  • A) was losing

  • B) have been losing

  • C) have lost

  • D) lose

39. They _____ the house for weeks, and they still haven't finished.

  • A) have been renovating

  • B) renovated

  • C) are renovate

  • D) have renovate

40. She _____ already _____ all the tasks on her list.

  • A) did / completed

  • B) has / been completing

  • C) is / completing

  • D) has / completed

Parte 5 — Past Perfect e Past Perfect Continuous

41. By the time we arrived, the film _____.

  • A) already started

  • B) had already started

  • C) has already started

  • D) was already start

42. She was tired because she _____ all night.

  • A) studied

  • B) has studied

  • C) had been studying

  • D) studies

43. When I got to the station, the train _____.

  • A) had left

  • B) leaves

  • C) has left

  • D) was leave

44. He _____ never _____ such a difficult exam before he took that one.

  • A) has / taken

  • B) did / take

  • C) was / taking

  • D) had / taken

45. They _____ for two hours before the doctor finally saw them.

  • A) have waited

  • B) had been waiting

  • C) are waiting

  • D) wait

46. I couldn't pay because I _____ my wallet at home.

  • A) leave

  • B) have left

  • C) had left

  • D) was leaving

47. After she _____ dinner, she went for a walk.

  • A) had finished

  • B) has finished

  • C) finishes

  • D) was finishing

48. How long _____ they _____ before they decided to take a break?

  • A) have / worked

  • B) did / working

  • C) were / work

  • D) had / been working

49. He realized that he _____ the wrong train.

  • A) takes

  • B) had taken

  • C) has taken

  • D) was taking

50. By the time the police arrived, the thieves _____.

  • A) escape

  • B) have escaped

  • C) had escaped

  • D) were escape

Parte 6 — Future Forms

51. I think it _____ tomorrow.

  • A) rains

  • B) is raining

  • C) rained

  • D) will rain

52. Look at those dark clouds! It _____.

  • A) is going to rain

  • B) will raining

  • C) rains

  • D) has rained

53. We _____ our grandparents this weekend. We have already arranged everything.

  • A) visit

  • B) are visiting

  • C) visited

  • D) have visit

54. The train _____ at 8:30 tomorrow morning.

  • A) will leaving

  • B) leave

  • C) leaves

  • D) left

55. Don't worry. I _____ you with your bags.

  • A) will help

  • B) am help

  • C) helped

  • D) have helped

56. This time tomorrow, I _____ on a plane to Madrid.

  • A) fly

  • B) will have flown

  • C) am fly

  • D) will be flying

57. By next Friday, she _____ the project.

  • A) finishes

  • B) will have finished

  • C) is finishing

  • D) has finish

58. We _____ a new car next month. We've already decided which one to buy.

  • A) bought

  • B) will buying

  • C) are going to buy

  • D) have bought

59. At 10 a.m. tomorrow, they _____ their final exam.

  • A) will be taking

  • B) took

  • C) have taken

  • D) take yesterday

60. By the end of this year, I _____ at this company for ten years.

  • A) work

  • B) will be working

  • C) have worked

  • D) will have been working

Parte 7 — First e Second Conditional

61. If it _____ tomorrow, we'll stay at home.

  • A) will rain

  • B) rains

  • C) rained

  • D) would rain

62. If I _____ more money, I would travel around the world.

  • A) have

  • B) will have

  • C) had

  • D) would have

63. She will miss the bus if she _____ now.

  • A) doesn't leave

  • B) won't leave

  • C) didn't leave

  • D) wouldn't leave

64. If I were you, I _____ that job offer.

  • A) accept

  • B) will accept

  • C) accepted

  • D) would accept

65. If they study harder, they _____ the exam.

  • A) passed

  • B) will pass

  • C) would pass

  • D) would have passed

66. What _____ you do if you won the lottery?

  • A) will

  • B) did

  • C) would

  • D) have

67. If he _____ more carefully, he wouldn't make so many mistakes.

  • A) worked

  • B) works

  • C) will work

  • D) would work

68. Unless you hurry, you _____ the beginning of the film.

  • A) missed

  • B) would miss

  • C) have missed

  • D) will miss

69. If we lived closer, we _____ each other more often.

  • A) see

  • B) would see

  • C) will see

  • D) have seen

70. If she doesn't call me, I _____ her a message.

  • A) sent

  • B) would send

  • C) will send

  • D) have sent

Parte 8 — Third Conditional e Mixed Conditionals

71. If I had studied harder, I _____ the exam.

  • A) would have passed

  • B) will pass

  • C) would pass

  • D) passed

72. If they had left earlier, they _____ the train.

  • A) would catch

  • B) caught

  • C) will have caught

  • D) would have caught

73. She wouldn't have missed the meeting if she _____ her alarm.

  • A) sets

  • B) had set

  • C) would set

  • D) has set

74. If I had known about the party, I _____.

  • A) will come

  • B) would come

  • C) would have come

  • D) came

75. If he hadn't spent so much money, he _____ in debt now.

  • A) wouldn't be

  • B) won't be

  • C) wouldn't have been

  • D) isn't

76. If I were more organized, I _____ my passport yesterday.

  • A) wouldn't lose

  • B) won't have lost

  • C) hadn't lost

  • D) wouldn't have lost

77. If she _____ the instructions, she wouldn't have made that mistake.

  • A) follows

  • B) had followed

  • C) would follow

  • D) has followed

78. If we had booked earlier, we _____ a cheaper hotel.

  • A) find

  • B) would find

  • C) would have found

  • D) will find

79. He would be healthier now if he _____ smoking years ago.

  • A) had stopped

  • B) stops

  • C) would stop

  • D) has stopped

80. If you had told me the truth, I _____ you.

  • A) believe

  • B) will believe

  • C) would believe

  • D) would have believed

Parte 9 — Passive Voice e Reported Speech

81. English _____ in many countries around the world.

  • A) speaks

  • B) is spoken

  • C) is speaking

  • D) has speaking

82. The new bridge _____ last year.

  • A) built

  • B) has built

  • C) was built

  • D) is building

83. The documents _____ yet.

  • A) haven't been signed

  • B) haven't signed

  • C) weren't signing

  • D) aren't sign

84. The house _____ when we arrived.

  • A) painted

  • B) was painting

  • C) has been painting

  • D) was being painted

85. She said that she _____ tired.

  • A) is

  • B) was

  • C) will be

  • D) has been

86. He told me that he _____ the book the previous week.

  • A) finishes

  • B) has finished

  • C) had finished

  • D) will finish

87. The invitations _____ tomorrow.

  • A) will be sent

  • B) will send

  • C) sent

  • D) have sending

88. They said they _____ come to the party.

  • A) can't

  • B) won't

  • C) don't

  • D) couldn't

89. This problem _____ easily if we work together.

  • A) can solve

  • B) can be solved

  • C) can be solving

  • D) solved

90. The manager asked me where I _____.

  • A) do live

  • B) have lived

  • C) lived

  • D) will live

Parte 10 — Revisão geral dos tempos verbais

91. I _____ here since 2020, but I _____ to move next year.

  • A) lived / decide

  • B) am living / decided

  • C) live / have decided

  • D) have lived / have decided

92. While Sarah _____ dinner, her husband _____ the table.

  • A) was cooking / was setting

  • B) cooked / sets

  • C) has cooked / set

  • D) is cooking / has set

93. By the time you arrive, we _____ dinner.

  • A) finish

  • B) will have finished

  • C) finished

  • D) have finishing

94. He _____ for the company for five years before he was promoted.

  • A) works

  • B) has worked

  • C) had been working

  • D) is working

95. I _____ my keys. Have you seen them anywhere?

  • A) have lost

  • B) lost yesterday

  • C) was losing

  • D) lose last week

96. She _____ in Paris when she _____ her future husband.

  • A) has lived / meets

  • B) lives / met

  • C) was living / has met

  • D) was living / met

97. I promise I _____ anyone your secret.

  • A) don't tell

  • B) won't tell

  • C) didn't tell

  • D) haven't told

98. They _____ for an hour when the bus finally arrived.

  • A) wait

  • B) have waited

  • C) had been waiting

  • D) are waiting

99. If he _____ earlier, he wouldn't be late now.

  • A) had left

  • B) leaves

  • C) would leave

  • D) has left

100. This is the first time I _____ such an interesting presentation.

  • A) attended

  • B) am attending

  • C) attend

  • D) have attended

Gabarito

Correção do teste

100 respostas organizadas em grupos de 10.

Ocultar

Questões 1–10

1. C

2. A

3. D

4. B

5. A

6. C

7. B

8. D

9. A

10. C

Questões 11–20

11. B

12. D

13. A

14. C

15. B

16. D

17. A

18. C

19. B

20. D

Questões 21–30

21. B

22. C

23. A

24. D

25. B

26. C

27. A

28. D

29. B

30. C

Questões 31–40

31. D

32. A

33. C

34. B

35. A

36. D

37. B

38. C

39. A

40. D

Questões 41–50

41. B

42. C

43. A

44. D

45. B

46. C

47. A

48. D

49. B

50. C

Questões 51–60

51. D

52. A

53. B

54. C

55. A

56. D

57. B

58. C

59. A

60. D

Questões 61–70

61. B

62. C

63. A

64. D

65. B

66. C

67. A

68. D

69. B

70. C

Questões 71–80

71. A

72. D

73. B

74. C

75. A

76. D

77. B

78. C

79. A

80. D

Questões 81–90

81. B

82. C

83. A

84. D

85. B

86. C

87. A

88. D

89. B

90. C

Questões 91–100

91. D

92. A

93. B

94. C

95. A

96. D

97. B

98. C

99. A

100. D


Concordância em inglês

 

Concordância em inglês 

A concordância em inglês (subject-verb agreement) é a relação entre o sujeito e o verbo de uma frase. Também precisamos prestar atenção à concordância entre substantivos, pronomes, demonstrativos e outras palavras.

É importante dominar principalmente estas regras:

  1. Concordância entre sujeito e verbo no presente simples.

  2. Uso de am, is e are.

  3. Concordância no passado com was e were.

  4. Pronomes e possessivos.

  5. Singular e plural dos substantivos.

  6. Quantificadores como some, any, much e many.

1. Concordância entre sujeito e verbo no Present Simple

A regra mais importante é que, no presente simples, os verbos comuns recebem normalmente -s ou -es quando o sujeito é he, she ou it.

Sujeito

Verbo

Exemplo

Tradução

I

work

I work every day.

Eu trabalho todos os dias.

You

work

You work every day.

Você trabalha todos os dias.

We

work

We work every day.

Nós trabalhamos todos os dias.

They

work

They work every day.

Eles trabalham todos os dias.

He

works

He works every day.

Ele trabalha todos os dias.

She

works

She works every day.

Ela trabalha todos os dias.

It

works

It works well.

Isso funciona bem.

Como acrescentar -s ou -es?

Regra 1: normalmente, acrescentamos -s.

  • play → plays

  • eat → eats

  • read → reads

  • drink → drinks

Exemplos:

  • She plays tennis. — Ela joga tênis.

  • He reads every night. — Ele lê todas as noites.

Regra 2: verbos terminados em -ch, -sh, -ss, -x e, geralmente, -o recebem -es.

  • watch → watches

  • wash → washes

  • kiss → kisses

  • fix → fixes

  • go → goes

  • do → does

Exemplos:

  • He watches TV at night. — Ele assiste à televisão à noite.

  • She goes to work by bus. — Ela vai ao trabalho de ônibus.

  • He does his homework after school. — Ele faz a lição de casa depois da escola.

Regra 3: verbos terminados em consoante + y mudam -y para -ies.

  • study → studies

  • try → tries

  • cry → cries

Exemplo:

- She studies English. — Ela estuda inglês.

Mas, se houver uma vogal antes do y, acrescentamos apenas -s:

  • play → plays

  • enjoy → enjoys

  • buy → buys

Exemplo:

- He enjoys reading. — Ele gosta de ler.

Atenção: negativas e interrogativas

Quando usamos does ou doesn't, o verbo principal volta à forma base.

Afirmativa

Negativa

Interrogativa

She likes coffee.

She doesn't like coffee.

Does she like coffee?

He works here.

He doesn't work here.

Does he work here?

Maria studies English.

Maria doesn't study English.

Does Maria study English?

Não diga:

  • ❌ She don't like coffee.

  • ❌ Does he works here?

  • ❌ Maria doesn't studies English.

O correto é:

  • She doesn't like coffee.

  • Does he work here?

  • Maria doesn't study English.

2. Concordância com o verbo TO BE: am, is e are

O verbo to be significa principalmente ser ou estar. Sua forma muda de acordo com o sujeito.

Sujeito

Verbo

Exemplo

Tradução

I

am

I am tired.

Estou cansado.

You

are

You are tired.

Você está cansado.

He

is

He is tired.

Ele está cansado.

She

is

She is tired.

Ela está cansada.

It

is

It is cold.

Está frio.

We

are

We are tired.

Estamos cansados.

They

are

They are tired.

Eles estão cansados.

Formas negativas

Acrescentamos not depois do verbo:

  • I am not hungry. — Não estou com fome.

  • She is not at home. — Ela não está em casa.

  • They are not ready. — Eles não estão prontos.

Contrações comuns:

  • is not → isn't

  • are not → aren't

  • I'm not → não costuma ser contraído como amn't no inglês padrão.

Formas interrogativas

Colocamos o verbo antes do sujeito:

  • Are you happy? — Você está feliz?

  • Is she your sister? — Ela é sua irmã?

  • Are they at home? — Eles estão em casa?

Atenção: não usamos do ou does para formar perguntas com o verbo to be.

  • ❌ Does she is happy?

  • ✅ Is she happy?

3. Concordância no passado: WAS e WERE

No passado do verbo to be, usamos was com I, he, she, it e were com you, we, they.

Sujeito

Verbo

Exemplo

Tradução

I

was

I was tired.

Eu estava cansado.

He

was

He was at work.

Ele estava no trabalho.

She

was

She was happy.

Ela estava feliz.

It

was

It was expensive.

Era caro.

You

were

You were late.

Você estava atrasado.

We

were

We were busy.

Estávamos ocupados.

They

were

They were at school.

Eles estavam na escola.

Exemplos negativos e interrogativos

  • He wasn't at home. — Ele não estava em casa.

  • They weren't tired. — Eles não estavam cansados.

  • Was she sick? — Ela estava doente?

  • Were you at the party? — Você estava na festa?

Lembre-se de que, com outros verbos no passado simples, usamos did para negativas e perguntas:

  • She went to work. — Ela foi trabalhar.

  • She didn't go to work. — Ela não foi trabalhar.

  • Did she go to work? — Ela foi trabalhar?

4. Concordância com substantivos no singular e no plural

Em inglês, os substantivos contáveis normalmente recebem -s ou -es no plural.

Singular

Plural

Tradução

book

books

livro / livros

car

cars

carro / carros

student

students

aluno / alunos

class

classes

aula / aulas

box

boxes

caixa / caixas

baby

babies

bebê / bebês

child

children

criança / crianças

person

people

pessoa / pessoas

man

men

homem / homens

woman

women

mulher / mulheres

A concordância com o verbo

Um sujeito singular exige a forma verbal correspondente; um sujeito plural exige a forma plural.

  • The student works here. — O aluno trabalha aqui.

  • The students work here. — Os alunos trabalham aqui.

  • The child is happy. — A criança está feliz.

  • The children are happy. — As crianças estão felizes.

Observe a diferença:

  • ❌ The students works here.

  • ✅ The students work here.

É importante identificar o sujeito antes de escolher o verbo.

5. THIS, THAT, THESE e THOSE

Os demonstrativos também precisam concordar com o número do substantivo.

Demonstrativo

Uso

Exemplo

Tradução

This

Singular, perto

This book is interesting.

Este livro é interessante.

That

Singular, longe

That house is big.

Aquela casa é grande.

These

Plural, perto

These books are interesting.

Estes livros são interessantes.

Those

Plural, longe

Those houses are big.

Aquelas casas são grandes.

A regra é simples:

  • This / That + substantivo singular

  • These / Those + substantivo plural

Exemplos:

  • This apple is delicious. — Esta maçã é deliciosa.

  • These apples are delicious. — Estas maçãs são deliciosas.

  • That car is expensive. — Aquele carro é caro.

  • Those cars are expensive. — Aqueles carros são caros.

Erros comuns:

  • ❌ These book is new.

  • ✅ This book is new.

  • ✅ These books are new.

6. Concordância com HAVE e HAS

O verbo have significa ter. No presente simples, usamos has com he, she e it e have com os outros sujeitos.

Sujeito

Forma correta

Exemplo

I

have

I have a car.

You

have

You have a car.

He

has

He has a car.

She

has

She has a car.

It

has

It has four legs.

We

have

We have a car.

They

have

They have a car.

Traduções:

  • I have two brothers. — Tenho dois irmãos.

  • She has two brothers. — Ela tem dois irmãos.

  • They have a new house. — Eles têm uma casa nova.

Nas negativas e interrogativas, usamos do e does:

  • She doesn't have a car. — Ela não tem carro.

  • Does he have a brother? — Ele tem um irmão?

Não diga Does he has...? porque o auxiliar does já indica a concordância.

7. Concordância com CAN

O verbo modal can significa poder ou conseguir. A boa notícia é que ele não muda de forma conforme o sujeito.

Sujeito

Exemplo

Tradução

I

I can swim.

Eu sei nadar.

She

She can swim.

Ela sabe nadar.

He

He can swim.

Ele sabe nadar.

They

They can swim.

Eles sabem nadar.

Não acrescentamos -s depois de can.

  • ❌ She cans swim.

  • ✅ She can swim.

Para formar negativas e perguntas:

  • She can't swim. — Ela não sabe nadar.

  • Can she swim? — Ela sabe nadar?

Não precisamos usar do ou does.

8. Concordância com SOME, ANY, MUCH e MANY

Essas palavras indicam quantidades, mas seu uso depende de o substantivo ser contável ou incontável.

Palavra

Uso

Exemplo

Tradução

Some

Quantidade indefinida

I have some books.

Tenho alguns livros.

Any

Perguntas e negativas, entre outros usos

Do you have any books?

Você tem algum livro?

Many

Substantivos contáveis no plural

She has many friends.

Ela tem muitos amigos.

Much

Substantivos incontáveis

We don't have much time.

Não temos muito tempo.

A few

Alguns, contáveis

I have a few questions.

Tenho algumas perguntas.

A little

Um pouco, incontáveis

I have a little money.

Tenho um pouco de dinheiro.

Exemplos de concordância:

  • There are many students in the classroom. — Há muitos alunos na sala.

  • There is some water in the bottle. — Há um pouco de água na garrafa.

  • There are a few chairs in the room. — Há algumas cadeiras na sala.

  • There is a little milk in the fridge. — Há um pouco de leite na geladeira.

Atenção: some e any podem acompanhar tanto substantivos contáveis no plural quanto incontáveis.

9. Erros comuns de concordância em inglês

Incorreto

Correto

Tradução

She work every day.

She works every day.

Ela trabalha todos os dias.

They is happy.

They are happy.

Eles estão felizes.

He have a car.

He has a car.

Ele tem um carro.

The children is tired.

The children are tired.

As crianças estão cansadas.

These book are new.

These books are new.

Estes livros são novos.

She doesn't likes tea.

She doesn't like tea.

Ela não gosta de chá.

Does he works here?

Does he work here?

Ele trabalha aqui?

They was at home.

They were at home.

Eles estavam em casa.

She cans drive.

She can drive.

Ela sabe dirigir.


Resumo final para memorizar

  • He / She / It: works, likes, studies, has, is, does.

  • I / You / We / They: work, like, study, have, are, do.

  • Passado de to be: was com I/he/she/it; were com you/we/they.

  • Negativas e perguntas com verbos comuns: use do/does no presente e did no passado.

  • Depois de do, does, did e can: o verbo principal fica na forma base.

  • Substantivo plural: normalmente usa -s ou -es; demonstrativos e verbos precisam acompanhar o número.

Forma negativa e interrogativa de verbos comuns

 

Como formar frases negativas e interrogativas em inglês com verbos que precisam de auxiliares

Em inglês, muitos verbos precisam de um verbo auxiliar para formar frases negativas e interrogativas. Os principais auxiliares são DO, DOES e DID.

Isso acontece especialmente com verbos comuns como work (trabalhar), live (morar), like (gostar), study (estudar), play (jogar) e want (querer).

Vamos aprender as regras passo a passo, com exemplos traduzidos para o português.

1. Present Simple: DO e DOES

Usamos do e does para formar frases negativas e interrogativas no presente simples (Present Simple).

A) Frases afirmativas

Primeiro, observe como formamos as frases afirmativas.

Sujeito

Estrutura

Exemplo

I / You / We / They

Sujeito + verbo

I work every day.

He / She / It

Sujeito + verbo com -s

She works every day.

Traduções:

  • I work every day. — Eu trabalho todos os dias.

  • You speak English. — Você fala inglês.

  • They live in Brazil. — Eles moram no Brasil.

  • He works every day. — Ele trabalha todos os dias.

  • She speaks English. — Ela fala inglês.

  • He lives in Brazil. — Ele mora no Brasil.

Regra importante: nas frases afirmativas com he, she e it, normalmente acrescentamos -s ou -es ao verbo.

B) Como formar frases negativas

Para negar uma frase no Present Simple, usamos:

  • DO NOT (DON'T) com I, you, we e they.

  • DOES NOT (DOESN'T) com he, she e it.

A estrutura é:

I / YOU / WE / THEY

Sujeito + don't + verbo na forma base

I don't work on Sundays.

Eu não trabalho aos domingos.

HE / SHE / IT

Sujeito + doesn't + verbo na forma base

She doesn't work on Sundays.

Ela não trabalha aos domingos.

Mais exemplos:

Afirmativa

Negativa

Tradução da negativa

I like coffee.

I don't like coffee.

Eu não gosto de café.

You speak Spanish.

You don't speak Spanish.

Você não fala espanhol.

We live here.

We don't live here.

Nós não moramos aqui.

They play tennis.

They don't play tennis.

Eles não jogam tênis.

He likes coffee.

He doesn't like coffee.

Ele não gosta de café.

She speaks French.

She doesn't speak French.

Ela não fala francês.

It works well.

It doesn't work well.

Isso não funciona bem.

Atenção ao erro mais comum:

  • Incorreto: She doesn't likes coffee.

  • Correto: She doesn't like coffee.

Por quê? Porque o -s passa para o auxiliar DOES. Depois de doesn't, o verbo principal volta à forma base, sem -s.

Compare:

  • She likes coffee. — Ela gosta de café.

  • She doesn't like coffee. — Ela não gosta de café.

C) Como formar perguntas

Para fazer perguntas no Present Simple, colocamos o auxiliar antes do sujeito.

A estrutura é:

I / YOU / WE / THEY

Do + sujeito + verbo na forma base?

Do you speak English?

Você fala inglês?

HE / SHE / IT

Does + sujeito + verbo na forma base?

Does she speak English?

Ela fala inglês?

Mais exemplos:

Afirmativa

Interrogativa

Tradução

You like music.

Do you like music?

Você gosta de música?

They work here.

Do they work here?

Eles trabalham aqui?

We need help.

Do we need help?

Precisamos de ajuda?

He likes music.

Does he like music?

Ele gosta de música?

She works here.

Does she work here?

Ela trabalha aqui?

It costs a lot.

Does it cost a lot?

Isso custa muito?

Observe novamente que, depois de does, o verbo fica na forma base:

  • Incorreto: Does she works here?

  • Correto: Does she work here?

D) Respostas curtas

Em inglês, podemos responder a perguntas com do e does usando respostas curtas.

Pergunta

Resposta afirmativa

Resposta negativa

Do you speak English?

Yes, I do.

No, I don't.

Do they live here?

Yes, they do.

No, they don't.

Does he work here?

Yes, he does.

No, he doesn't.

Does she like coffee?

Yes, she does.

No, she doesn't.

Tradução do primeiro exemplo:

  • Do you speak English? — Você fala inglês?

  • Yes, I do. — Sim, falo.

  • No, I don't. — Não, não falo.

2. Past Simple: DID

No passado simples, usamos DID para formar perguntas e DID NOT (DIDN'T) para formar negativas.

A regra é mais fácil do que no presente: DID é usado com todos os sujeitos.

A) Frases afirmativas

Nas frases afirmativas, os verbos regulares normalmente recebem -ed, enquanto os irregulares podem mudar completamente.

Verbo base

Passado

Tradução

Work

Worked

Trabalhou

Play

Played

Jogou

Visit

Visited

Visitou

Go

Went

Foi

Eat

Ate

Comeu

See

Saw

Viu

Buy

Bought

Comprou

Exemplos:

  • I worked yesterday. — Eu trabalhei ontem.

  • She visited her parents. — Ela visitou os pais.

  • They went to the cinema. — Eles foram ao cinema.

  • He ate pizza. — Ele comeu pizza.

B) Como formar frases negativas

A estrutura é:

Sujeito + DIDN'T + verbo na forma base

Exemplos:

Afirmativa

Negativa

Tradução da negativa

I worked yesterday.

I didn't work yesterday.

Eu não trabalhei ontem.

She visited her parents.

She didn't visit her parents.

Ela não visitou os pais.

They went to school.

They didn't go to school.

Eles não foram à escola.

He ate pizza.

He didn't eat pizza.

Ele não comeu pizza.

We saw the movie.

We didn't see the movie.

Nós não vimos o filme.

You bought a car.

You didn't buy a car.

Você não comprou um carro.

Atenção: depois de didn't, o verbo sempre volta à forma base.

  • Incorreto: I didn't went.

  • Correto: I didn't go.

  • Incorreto: She didn't studied.

  • Correto: She didn't study.

O passado já está indicado pelo auxiliar DID, por isso não precisamos marcar o passado novamente no verbo principal.

C) Como formar perguntas

A estrutura é:

DID + sujeito + verbo na forma base?

Exemplos:

Afirmativa

Interrogativa

Tradução

You worked yesterday.

Did you work yesterday?

Você trabalhou ontem?

She called you.

Did she call you?

Ela ligou para você?

They went home.

Did they go home?

Eles foram para casa?

He ate breakfast.

Did he eat breakfast?

Ele tomou café da manhã?

You saw the film.

Did you see the film?

Você viu o filme?

She bought a dress.

Did she buy a dress?

Ela comprou um vestido?

Observe:

  • Incorreto: Did you worked yesterday?

  • Correto: Did you work yesterday?

D) Respostas curtas

Pergunta

Resposta afirmativa

Resposta negativa

Did you work yesterday?

Yes, I did.

No, I didn't.

Did she call you?

Yes, she did.

No, she didn't.

Did they go home?

Yes, they did.

No, they didn't.

3. Como fazer perguntas com palavras interrogativas

Também podemos usar palavras como what, where, when, why, how e who para obter informações específicas.

Quando a pergunta utiliza do, does ou did, a estrutura normalmente é:

Palavra interrogativa + auxiliar + sujeito + verbo base?

Palavra

Significado

Exemplo

Tradução

What

O quê / qual

What do you want?

O que você quer?

Where

Onde

Where does she live?

Onde ela mora?

When

Quando

When do they work?

Quando eles trabalham?

Why

Por quê

Why did he leave?

Por que ele foi embora?

How

Como

How do you study?

Como você estuda?

What time

A que horas

What time does he arrive?

A que horas ele chega?

Mais exemplos no passado:

  • Where did you go? — Aonde você foi?

  • What did she buy? — O que ela comprou?

  • When did they arrive? — Quando eles chegaram?

  • Why did you call me? — Por que você me ligou?

  • How did he learn English? — Como ele aprendeu inglês?

Lembre-se: mesmo nas perguntas com palavras interrogativas, o verbo principal permanece na forma base depois de do, does e did.

4. Atenção: o verbo TO BE é diferente

O verbo to be (am, is, are, was, were) normalmente não usa do, does ou did para formar negativas e perguntas.

Present Simple do verbo TO BE

Afirmativa

Negativa

Interrogativa

I am tired.

I am not tired.

Am I tired?

She is happy.

She isn't happy.

Is she happy?

They are at home.

They aren't at home.

Are they at home?

Traduções:

  • I am tired. — Estou cansado.

  • I am not tired. — Não estou cansado.

  • Am I tired? — Estou cansado?

Compare:

  • You are happy. → Are you happy? — Você está feliz?

  • You like music. → Do you like music? — Você gosta de música?

O verbo to be vai diretamente para antes do sujeito na pergunta. Já com verbos comuns, precisamos do auxiliar do ou does.

Past Simple do verbo TO BE

Afirmativa

Negativa

Interrogativa

He was tired.

He wasn't tired.

Was he tired?

They were at home.

They weren't at home.

Were they at home?

Não dizemos Did he be tired? para perguntar se ele estava cansado. O correto é Was he tired?

5. Resumo das estruturas

Present Simple

Negativa

I don't work.

She doesn't work.

Interrogativa

Do you work?

Does she work?

Past Simple

Negativa

I didn't work.

She didn't work.

Interrogativa

Did you work?

Did she work?

A regra fundamental é:

  1. Present Simple: use do/does.

  2. Past Simple: use did.

  3. Depois de do, does ou did, use o verbo principal na forma base.

  4. To be forma negativas e perguntas sem esses auxiliares.