Como criar perguntas em inglês – nível avançado (C1–C2)
No inglês avançado, criar perguntas exige mais do que conhecer os auxiliares do, does, did e o verbo to be. É necessário dominar a inversão sujeito-auxiliar, as perguntas indiretas, as question tags, as perguntas negativas, as estruturas enfáticas e as diferentes formas de formular perguntas de maneira formal e sofisticada.
A seguir, apresento uma explicação detalhada com regras, exemplos e traduções.
1. Perguntas diretas – Direct questions
A estrutura mais comum das perguntas em inglês é:
Question word + auxiliary verb + subject + main verb?
Estrutura | Exemplo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|
What + do + subject + verb? | What do you think? | O que você pensa? |
Where + did + subject + verb? | Where did she go? | Aonde ela foi? |
Why + has + subject + participle? | Why has he left? | Por que ele foi embora? |
How + will + subject + verb? | How will they solve it? | Como eles resolverão isso? |
No nível avançado, precisamos dominar especialmente as perguntas com diferentes tempos verbais e estruturas.
Exemplos avançados
- What would you have done in my position?
O que você teria feito na minha posição?
- How long have you been working on this project?
Há quanto tempo você está trabalhando neste projeto?
- Why hadn't they informed us about the changes?
Por que eles não tinham nos informado sobre as mudanças?
- What might have caused such a dramatic change?
O que poderia ter causado uma mudança tão drástica?
2. Perguntas com inversão – Inversion
Uma característica importante do inglês formal e avançado é a inversão entre o sujeito e o verbo auxiliar depois de determinadas expressões negativas ou restritivas.
A estrutura normalmente é:
Negative expression + auxiliary + subject + main verb
Observe que essa estrutura também é utilizada em frases afirmativas com sentido negativo ou restritivo.
Expressão | Exemplo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|
Never | Never have I seen such a thing. | Nunca vi algo assim. |
Rarely | Rarely do we encounter this problem. | Raramente encontramos esse problema. |
Seldom | Seldom does he complain. | Raramente ele reclama. |
Not only | Not only did she apologize, but she also offered help. | Ela não apenas pediu desculpas, mas também ofereceu ajuda. |
Under no circumstances | Under no circumstances should you reveal this information. | Em hipótese alguma você deve revelar esta informação. |
Not until | Not until midnight did they arrive. | Somente à meia-noite eles chegaram. |
Como transformar em perguntas?
A inversão também aparece naturalmente nas perguntas:
Rarely does he make mistakes, does he?
Under no circumstances would you accept such an offer, would you?
Essas construções são sofisticadas e devem ser usadas de acordo com o contexto.
3. Perguntas indiretas – Indirect questions
As perguntas indiretas são utilizadas para demonstrar educação, formalidade ou diplomacia.
São muito comuns em ambientes profissionais, acadêmicos e situações formais.
Estrutura:
Introdução + question word + sujeito + verbo.
Observe que não utilizamos a ordem interrogativa dentro da pergunta indireta.
Pergunta direta | Pergunta indireta |
|---|---|
Where is the station? | Could you tell me where the station is? |
What does he want? | Do you know what he wants? |
Why did she leave? | Could you explain why she left? |
When will they arrive? | Do you happen to know when they will arrive? |
Outras expressões úteis:
Would you mind telling me...? – Você se importaria de me dizer...?
I was wondering whether... – Eu estava me perguntando se...
Could you possibly explain...? – Você poderia explicar...?
Do you happen to know...? – Por acaso você sabe...?
Would it be possible to find out...? – Seria possível descobrir...?
Atenção: nas perguntas indiretas, não fazemos a inversão do sujeito com o auxiliar.
Incorreto: Could you tell me where is he?
Correto: Could you tell me where he is?
4. Perguntas negativas – Negative questions
São utilizadas para expressar surpresa, expectativa, indignação ou para confirmar uma informação.
Estrutura:
Auxiliary + subject + not + main verb?
Exemplos:
- Don't you think we should reconsider our decision?
Você não acha que deveríamos reconsiderar nossa decisão?
- Haven't you finished the report yet?
Você ainda não terminou o relatório?
- Wouldn't it be better to postpone the meeting?
Não seria melhor adiar a reunião?
- Isn't it rather unusual for him to behave like that?
Não é um tanto incomum ele se comportar assim?
- Shouldn't we have informed them beforehand?
Não deveríamos tê-los informado antecipadamente?
5. Question tags – Perguntas de confirmação
As question tags são pequenas perguntas adicionadas ao final de uma afirmação.
São utilizadas para confirmar informações, buscar concordância ou manter uma conversa.
Regra geral:
Frase afirmativa + tag negativa.
Frase negativa + tag afirmativa.
Afirmação | Question tag |
|---|---|
She is talented, isn't she? | Ela é talentosa, não é? |
They haven't arrived, have they? | Eles não chegaram, chegaram? |
He could have helped, couldn't he? | Ele poderia ter ajudado, não poderia? |
You wouldn't mind, would you? | Você não se importaria, certo? |
We should have called, shouldn't we? | Deveríamos ter ligado, não deveríamos? |
Casos especiais
- I'm late, aren't I?
Estou atrasado, não estou?
- Let's discuss this later, shall we?
Vamos discutir isso mais tarde, certo?
- Nobody called, did they?
Ninguém ligou, não foi?
- Nothing has changed, has it?
Nada mudou, não é?
6. Perguntas com preposições – Preposition questions
No inglês avançado, é importante saber formular perguntas nas quais a preposição aparece no final ou no início da construção.
Forma informal:
- Who are you talking to?
Com quem você está falando?
- What are you looking for?
O que você está procurando?
- Which company does she work for?
Para qual empresa ela trabalha?
Forma formal:
- To whom are you speaking?
Com quem você está falando?
- For what purpose was the research conducted?
Com que finalidade a pesquisa foi realizada?
- With whom did you discuss the matter?
Com quem você discutiu o assunto?
A segunda construção é mais formal e aparece frequentemente em textos acadêmicos e situações profissionais.
7. Perguntas com estruturas enfáticas – Cleft questions
Essas estruturas permitem destacar uma informação específica.
São muito úteis para formular perguntas mais sofisticadas.
What... is...
- What I would like to know is why you rejected the proposal.
O que eu gostaria de saber é por que você rejeitou a proposta.
- What concerns me most is whether we can afford the investment.
O que mais me preocupa é se podemos arcar com o investimento.
The reason why...
- The reason why I am asking is that we need more information.
A razão pela qual estou perguntando é que precisamos de mais informações.
It is/was... that...
- Is it the lack of experience that worries you?
É a falta de experiência que preocupa você?
- Was it John who suggested the alternative?
Foi John quem sugeriu a alternativa?
8. Perguntas hipotéticas e especulativas
No nível C1–C2, é essencial saber formular perguntas sobre situações imaginárias, possibilidades e acontecimentos que não ocorreram.
Estrutura | Exemplo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|
What if...? | What if we had taken a different approach? | E se tivéssemos adotado uma abordagem diferente? |
Suppose...? | Suppose you were offered the job. What would you do? | Suponha que lhe oferecessem o emprego. O que faria? |
How would...? | How would you have reacted in that situation? | Como você teria reagido naquela situação? |
To what extent...? | To what extent can technology influence human behaviour? | Até que ponto a tecnologia pode influenciar o comportamento humano? |
Under what circumstances...? | Under what circumstances would you reconsider your decision? | Em quais circunstâncias você reconsideraria sua decisão? |
9. Vocabulário para formular perguntas avançadas
Para evitar perguntas muito simples e repetitivas, utilize estruturas e expressões mais sofisticadas.
Expressão | Tradução |
|---|---|
To what extent...? | Até que ponto...? |
In what ways...? | De que maneiras...? |
How significant...? | Quão significativo...? |
What implications...? | Quais implicações...? |
What are the underlying reasons...? | Quais são as razões subjacentes...? |
How likely...? | Qual é a probabilidade...? |
What would account for...? | O que explicaria...? |
How does this relate to...? | Como isso se relaciona com...? |
What alternatives could be considered...? | Quais alternativas poderiam ser consideradas...? |
What might have prevented...? | O que poderia ter evitado...? |
10. Atividades práticas – Nível C1
Exercício 1 – Transforme as perguntas diretas em perguntas indiretas.
Exemplo:
Where does she live?
Could you tell me where she lives?
Why did they cancel the conference?
What has he been doing lately?
When will the results be announced?
How much does the project cost?
Why hasn't she responded to the email?
Where can we find additional information?
What would have happened if they had refused?
How long has the company been operating?
Who is responsible for the decision?
Why should we reconsider the proposal?
Exercício 2 – Complete com a estrutura correta.
Never ______ I witnessed such an extraordinary event.
Rarely ______ she make such careless mistakes.
Under no circumstances ______ you disclose this information.
Not until the following morning ______ they realize their mistake.
Not only ______ he apologize, but he also offered compensation.
Seldom ______ we encounter such a challenging situation.
Little ______ she know about the consequences of her decision.
Only after the investigation ______ the truth become apparent.
No sooner ______ we arrived than it started raining.
Hardly ______ he finished speaking when someone interrupted him.
Exercício 3 – Crie perguntas utilizando as expressões abaixo.
To what extent...
Under what circumstances...
What would you have done if...
How likely is it that...
What might have caused...
In what ways...
Would you mind explaining...
What are the implications of...
How would society change if...
What is the main reason why...
11. Perguntas para conversação – C1/C2
Estas perguntas podem ser utilizadas em aulas de conversação avançada.
1. To what extent should governments be held accountable for the decisions made by artificial intelligence?
2. How might society have evolved if the internet had never been invented?
3. Under what circumstances would you consider compromising your personal principles?
4. What are the underlying factors that contribute to the increasing polarization of society?
5. How likely is it that technological advancements will eventually make traditional education obsolete?
6. In what ways could social media have influenced the development of younger generations?
7. What would you consider to be the most significant ethical dilemma facing humanity today?
8. Had you been given the opportunity to change one major decision in your life, what would it have been?
9. To what extent does economic prosperity depend on political stability?
10. What measures could have been implemented to prevent the current environmental challenges?
Gabarito das atividades
Exercício 1
Could you tell me why they cancelled the conference?
Could you tell me what he has been doing lately?
Do you know when the results will be announced?
Could you tell me how much the project costs?
Do you know why she hasn't responded to the email?
Could you tell me where we can find additional information?
Do you know what would have happened if they had refused?
Could you tell me how long the company has been operating?
Do you know who is responsible for the decision?
Could you explain why we should reconsider the proposal?
Exercício 2
have
does
should
did
did
do
did
did
had
had
Teste de inglês C1–C2: Formação de perguntas (100 questões)
Conteúdos avaliados:
Direct and indirect questions
Subject and object questions
Inversion
Negative questions
Question tags
Embedded questions
Preposition questions
Hypothetical questions
Cleft questions
Formal and advanced question structures
Instruções: escolha a alternativa que completa corretamente cada pergunta. Há apenas uma resposta correta por questão.
Parte 1 – Direct and indirect questions
1. Could you tell me where ______?
A) is the nearest bank
B) the nearest bank is
C) does the nearest bank be
D) was the nearest bank
2. Do you happen to know why ______ the meeting?
A) did they postpone
B) they did postpone
C) they postponed
D) postponed they
3. I was wondering whether ______ available tomorrow.
A) are you
B) you are
C) do you be
D) will you are
4. Could you explain how long ______ here?
A) have you been working
B) you have been working
C) did you work
D) are you working
5. Would you mind telling me what ______ about the proposal?
A) do you think
B) you think
C) think you
D) are you think
6. Do you know when ______ announced?
A) will the results be
B) the results will be
C) the results be
D) will be the results
7. Could you possibly explain why ______ so unexpectedly?
A) has he resigned
B) he has resigned
C) did he resign
D) he resigns
8. I would appreciate it if you could tell me how ______.
A) can this problem be solved
B) this problem can be solved
C) solve this problem can
D) this problem solved can
9. Do you have any idea what ______ such a dramatic change?
A) might have caused
B) might caused have
C) did might cause
D) might have cause
10. Could you clarify whether ______ the necessary documents?
A) have they submitted
B) they have submitted
C) did they submitted
D) submitted they have
Parte 2 – Subject and object questions
11. Who ______ the final decision?
A) did make
B) made
C) does made
D) was make
12. Who did you say ______ responsible for the incident?
A) was
B) did
C) were
D) has
13. Which candidate ______ the highest score?
A) did achieve
B) achieved
C) does achieved
D) has achieve
14. Who ______ you think should lead the investigation?
A) do
B) does
C) did
D) are
15. What ______ during the negotiations?
A) happened
B) did happen it
C) was happen
D) did happened
16. Who did the manager ______ to represent the company?
A) chose
B) choosing
C) choose
D) chosen
17. Which of these explanations ______ the most convincing?
A) do seem
B) seems
C) does seems
D) seem it
18. Who ______ the confidential information?
A) did leak
B) leaked
C) was leak
D) does leaked
19. What ______ you believe caused the misunderstanding?
A) do
B) does
C) is
D) has
20. Who was it that ______ the original proposal?
A) make
B) making
C) made
D) did made
Parte 3 – Inversion
21. Never before ______ such an extraordinary performance.
A) I have witnessed
B) have I witnessed
C) I witnessed have
D) did I witnessed
22. Rarely ______ such dedication among young professionals.
A) we encounter
B) do we encounter
C) we do encounters
D) encounter we
23. Not until the investigation was completed ______ the truth.
A) they discovered
B) did they discover
C) they did discovered
D) discovered they
24. Under no circumstances ______ confidential information.
A) you should reveal
B) should you reveal
C) you reveal should
D) do you should reveal
25. Little ______ how serious the situation was.
A) she realized
B) did she realize
C) she did realized
D) realized she
26. No sooner ______ the building than the alarm went off.
A) we had entered
B) had we entered
C) did we entered
D) we entered had
27. Hardly ______ when the telephone rang.
A) had I sat down
B) I had sat down
C) did I sat down
D) I sat down had
28. Not only ______ the project, but he also secured additional funding.
A) he completed
B) did he complete
C) completed he
D) he did completed
29. Only after several attempts ______ to solve the problem.
A) they managed
B) did they manage
C) they did managed
D) managed they
30. Seldom ______ such an opportunity.
A) people have
B) do people have
C) people do has
D) have people do
Parte 4 – Negative questions
31. ______ you think we should reconsider our decision?
A) Aren't
B) Don't
C) Didn't
D) Haven't
32. ______ she informed you about the changes yet?
A) Hasn't
B) Doesn't
C) Didn't
D) Isn't
33. Wouldn't it be better ______ the meeting?
A) postpone
B) postponing
C) to postpone
D) postponed
34. ______ they have warned us about the potential risks?
A) Shouldn't
B) Don't
C) Aren't
D) Won't
35. Isn't it unusual ______ such a serious mistake?
A) him making
B) for him to make
C) he make
D) to him make
36. Haven't you considered ______ professional advice?
A) to seek
B) seek
C) seeking
D) sought
37. Didn't you realize that the situation ______ considerably?
A) had deteriorated
B) has deteriorate
C) did deteriorated
D) deteriorating
38. Shouldn't we ______ this issue before proceeding?
A) discussed
B) discussing
C) discuss
D) to discuss
39. Wouldn't you rather ______ at home tonight?
A) staying
B) stay
C) to stay
D) stayed
40. Isn't there anything else that ______ done?
A) can be
B) can
C) being
D) be
Parte 5 – Question tags
41. Nobody informed you about the decision, ______?
A) did they
B) didn't they
C) were they
D) had they
42. She hardly ever complains, ______?
A) doesn't she
B) does she
C) isn't she
D) did she
43. Let's discuss the matter tomorrow, ______?
A) will we
B) do we
C) shall we
D) won't we
44. I'm expected to attend the conference, ______?
A) am I
B) aren't I
C) don't I
D) isn't it
45. They would have accepted the offer, ______?
A) wouldn't they
B) would they
C) hadn't they
D) didn't they
46. Nothing has changed, ______?
A) hasn't it
B) has it
C) did it
D) doesn't it
47. You'd better inform the director, ______?
A) hadn't you
B) wouldn't you
C) didn't you
D) shouldn't you
48. She used to work here, ______?
A) usedn't she
B) didn't she
C) doesn't she
D) hadn't she
49. There is little chance of success, ______?
A) is there
B) isn't there
C) does there
D) isn't it
50. He rarely visits his relatives, ______?
A) doesn't he
B) does he
C) isn't he
D) did he
Parte 6 – Advanced question structures
51. To what extent ______ responsible for the current crisis?
A) governments are
B) are governments
C) governments do
D) do governments are
52. Under what circumstances ______ your position?
A) would you reconsider
B) you would reconsider
C) would reconsider you
D) you reconsider would
53. In what ways ______ influence human behaviour?
A) technology does
B) does technology
C) technology is
D) is technology
54. What might ______ such an unexpected outcome?
A) have contributed to
B) contributed to have
C) have contribute to
D) has contributed to
55. How likely ______ the negotiations to succeed?
A) is it for
B) it is for
C) does it
D) is for it
56. What are the implications of ______ the agreement?
A) reject
B) rejecting
C) rejected
D) to rejecting
57. How significant ______ in determining the outcome?
A) this factor is
B) is this factor
C) does this factor
D) this factor does
58. What would account ______ the sudden decline in sales?
A) for
B) to
C) with
D) about
59. How could the situation ______ prevented?
A) have been
B) has been
C) be have
D) had been
60. What is the main reason why ______ the proposal?
A) they rejected
B) did they reject
C) rejected they
D) they did rejected
Parte 7 – Preposition questions
61. Who are you referring ______?
A) at
B) for
C) to
D) with
62. ______ whom was the decision communicated?
A) To
B) At
C) For
D) By
63. What are you so concerned ______?
A) of
B) about
C) with
D) at
64. Which organization does she work ______?
A) to
B) by
C) for
D) from
65. ______ what grounds was the application rejected?
A) On
B) At
C) By
D) In
66. Who did you obtain this information ______?
A) of
B) from
C) by
D) into
67. What does this theory consist ______?
A) in
B) of
C) at
D) for
68. ______ whom did you discuss the matter?
A) To
B) At
C) With
D) From
69. What are the consequences ______ failing to comply with the regulations?
A) of
B) to
C) for
D) with
70. What does this decision depend ______?
A) of
B) on
C) with
D) at
Parte 8 – Hypothetical questions
71. What would you have done if you ______ the opportunity?
A) had been given
B) were given
C) would be given
D) have been given
72. Suppose you ______ offered a position abroad. Would you accept it?
A) are
B) were
C) have
D) will be
73. What might have happened if the company ______ earlier?
A) had intervened
B) intervened
C) would intervene
D) has intervened
74. How would society change if artificial intelligence ______ most routine jobs?
A) replaces
B) replaced
C) had replaced
D) would replace
75. Had you known about the consequences, ______ differently?
A) would you have acted
B) did you act
C) you would act
D) would you act
76. What if the government ______ to implement the proposed reforms?
A) refuses
B) had refused
C) would refuse
D) refusing
77. If you were in charge, what measures ______ to address the problem?
A) would you implement
B) will you implement
C) did you implement
D) have you implemented
78. What would have been different if they ______ the original agreement?
A) hadn't signed
B) wouldn't sign
C) don't sign
D) haven't signed
79. How might your career ______ if you had studied abroad?
A) develop
B) developed
C) have developed
D) had develop
80. Suppose you ______ the chance to start your life again. What would you change?
A) have
B) had
C) would have
D) will have
Parte 9 – Cleft questions and emphasis
81. Is it the lack of funding ______ the project?
A) what threatens
B) that threatens
C) which threaten
D) who threatens
82. What I would like to know ______ why the proposal was rejected.
A) are
B) is
C) be
D) were
83. Was it John ______ the alternative solution?
A) which suggested
B) who suggested
C) whom suggested
D) whose suggested
84. What concerns me most ______ whether we can meet the deadline.
A) are
B) have
C) is
D) were
85. Is it the economic situation ______ is preventing further investment?
A) who
B) what
C) that
D) whom
86. What exactly ______ you expect us to do?
A) are
B) do
C) have
D) does
87. It was only after the meeting ______ the real problem became apparent.
A) when
B) which
C) that
D) what
88. What makes this situation particularly challenging ______ the lack of reliable information.
A) are
B) is
C) have
D) were
89. Was it because of the unexpected costs ______ they abandoned the project?
A) what
B) who
C) that
D) where
90. What matters most ______ how effectively we implement the strategy.
A) are
B) is
C) were
D) have
Parte 10 – Mixed advanced questions
91. Which of the following questions is grammatically correct?
A) Could you tell me what does this mean?
B) Could you tell me what this means?
C) Could you tell me what means this?
D) Could you tell me what is mean this?
92. Which sentence contains a correct inversion?
A) Rarely I have seen such behaviour.
B) Rarely have I seen such behaviour.
C) Rarely did I saw such behaviour.
D) Rarely I did see such behaviour.
93. Which question is the most formal?
A) Who did you speak to?
B) Who you spoke to?
C) To whom did you speak?
D) To who you spoke?
94. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
A) How long have you been knowing him?
B) How long do you know him?
C) How long have you known him?
D) How long are you knowing him?
95. Which question correctly uses the third conditional?
A) What would you do if you had known?
B) What would you have done if you had known?
C) What did you have done if you knew?
D) What would have you done if you know?
96. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
A) Not until yesterday I understood the problem.
B) Not until yesterday did I understand the problem.
C) Not until yesterday I did understand the problem.
D) Not until yesterday understood I the problem.
97. Which question tag is correct?
Nobody has contacted us, ______?
A) hasn't they
B) have they
C) has he
D) haven't they
98. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
A) I wonder why did she leave.
B) I wonder why she left.
C) I wonder why does she left.
D) I wonder why she did left.
99. Which question is grammatically correct?
A) What would have caused such a reaction?
B) What would caused have such a reaction?
C) What have would caused such a reaction?
D) What would have cause such a reaction?
100. Which sentence demonstrates correct advanced question formation?
A) To what extent do these factors contribute to the problem?
B) To what extent these factors do contribute to the problem?
C) To what extent does these factors contribute to the problem?
D) To what extent are these factors contribute to the problem?
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